What a great feeling it is to walk into a newly renovated home, smelling of fresh paint and new carpet. Many rental home investors are now providing incentives to new tenants, with upgrades and amenities that they may not have been able to afford in previous housing situations. If you do your homework, it is very possible to upgrade a rental home in an economical approach, yet maintain a beautiful luster.
Repairs that aren’t necessarily important to get the home “rental ready” can set you back thousands of dollars, and take valuable percentages from expected returns. Inexperience in the industry is no excuse for losing money on a renovation, and if you follow my advice, you will see how easy it can be to get an average home looking like a masterpiece, without breaking the bank.
The first step in avoiding an over-renovation is recognizing the type of property you are dealing with. If you are working in a low to middle class neighborhood, you want to stay aligned with standard trends. While it feels nice to upgrade a home with stainless steel appliances and granite countertops, it can be counterintuitive to profits. Understanding the market you are dealing with, and what is expected from tenants will save a lot of money during renovation. At the end of the day, you want to ensure the delivery of a home that is easily comparable to its surroundings, yet has the ability to stand out as unique.
One of the most common upgrades that a rental home requires is flooring. If you are dealing with old carpet, the first option is always a deep steam-clean. Unless there are stubborn stains, or run down edges and tack-lines, you may be able to save the original carpet. If not, replacing with an economical grade, yet attractive substitution will do. Dark colored carpets are often most forgiving in hiding new stains or blemishes. When dealing with hardwood floors, the option of refinishing should always be considered, even with deep scratches or missing panels. Old hardwood floors can be sanded down to the raw material, filled in, and stained, to give a brand new look, and a smooth feel. In bathrooms and kitchens, peel and stick vinyl-flooring options work great, as they offer economical floor protection, and water impermeability, not to mention countless designs.
Heedless bathroom and kitchen renovations can easily cost thousands of dollars. When dealing with a property you intend to rent out, always understand that wear and tear might occur over the lifecycle of your tenants lease. It is therefore important to install items that will not require expensive maintenance (or replacement) in the future. Keeping a generally clean and simple design will often require much less maintenance than elaborate projects. Using economical items that will stand the test of time is also important, to reduce replacement/repair costs in the future.
Assuming you are not going to do the renovation work yourself, one way to avoid overpaying (and over-renovating) is to have unaffiliated contractors bid on the work that needs to be done. 3 different bids is always be a good minimum. Always make sure that the contractor understands your goals for the renovation. Before and after photos of the renovation will help you in the long run, should there ever be a dispute on what work was or was not completed.
Having unaffiliated contractors write a scope of work has two main benefits.
Firstly, having different sets of eyes, with different proposals on “rental ready standards” will give you an idea of what needs replacement, and what can be saved. Different points of view for renovation of a home will ensure no important items are forgotten. It is important that all points are covered, and after a few projects, a new investor will begin to realize what the industry standards are. Getting bids for a renovation should never be considered as a “contractor free for all” where the sky’s the limit for repair items.
Secondly, utilizing multiple contractors to write a scope of work may help drive the cost of your renovation down. If a contractor is pricing out a job, and he knows that he’s your only option, the likelihood of rounded up prices is a reality. Competition always creates for better deals. So put the contractors in competition with each other, and choose whomever you feel is providing the highest quality work, for the best deal.
It is equally important to let your contractor know that you may have plans for future work. Even if you are just starting off, building relationships with contractors will help you get discounts in the future, and priority among other investors looking to utilize the skills of contractors. Furthermore, the contractors will want to impress you to keep potential future business.
A seasoned contractor should always have all the tools necessary for any service they stand behind. If the contractor has presented expenses due to the need for equipment rental, that could be a sign that they aren’t very well experienced in the task at hand. Keep this in mind when looking over invoices and estimates. Using local contractors is helpful, as they often have knowledge on the trends of the area, and give suggestions on popular designs or color schemes.
Some may argue that they aren’t in the construction business, so they have to depend on the word of contractors and maintenance employees for pricing, and scope of work. Through experience, anybody can learn the do’s and do not’s of home renovation. Due diligence to ensure the contractors working on your investment home have experience and the proper certifications for the job is a must.
Always have a long-term plan for your investment, and set realistic expectations on the life expectancy of your rental property’s furnishings. Saving money will always be a concern, but should never come at the expense of quality and safety. Keep your designs and upgrades in line with the market you are dealing with. Furthermore, a local trusted inspector or construction manager will greatly aid in ensuring timely, safe, and fully complete renovation projects. Rental home renovations can make or break your investment property, so keep your expectations clear, and contractors close.
The Individual Retirement Account (IRA) was initially established to give the workingman (or woman) a true retirement savings account. An individual’s employer does not have control over their IRA, differentiating it from a 401k or pension plan.
Many individuals that funnel money into Traditional IRA’s know that until they reach 59½ years of age, penalties for withdrawing money from the account will be issued. What most individuals do not know is that the IRA funds can grow, using investments with untaxed income!
It is legal and common to take advantage of the tax-free income potential of an IRA to build wealth, and it is the practice of many of the world’s millionaires today. The process of using an IRA to invest in real estate is very similar to a traditional real estate sale, with differences revolving around how funds are moved, and who can utilize the real estate.
The process of an IRA-funded real estate purchase is very similar to that of a traditional transaction. Realizing that the IRA and the investor are considered two separate entities is important to basis of IRA-funded investments. The use of a Custodian is required to purchase real estate through IRA funds. A custodian is a financial institution that holds and distributes an IRA owner’s funds, and is regulated by the IRS.
Because IRA funds purchase the property, the title will go in the name of the IRA, rather than that of the investor. Additionally, the EMD offered to the seller of the property during initial purchase must be acquired from the custodian, who pulls funds from the IRA account. All closing costs, taxes, and insurance fees are also pulled from the IRA account. The general theme here is obvious; the IRA finances everything!
In order to use the funds of a Traditional IRA for investment purposes, the account must be converted to a “Self Directed IRA”. The huge advantage of using a Self-Directed IRA is that you have control over your own money, and can invest in the assets you understand and are interested in. Contributions to this IRA type are tax-free and can be used for investments, with certain rules/limitations. The limitations include restrictions against borrowing money from the IRA, using the funds for personal use, along with prohibitions of using the funds on certain investments such as artwork, coins and collectables.
When purchasing real estate as an investment property, due diligence will not only serve to ensure appreciation and profit, but avoidance of IRS violations and subsequent fees. Any type of real estate is essentially up for grabs. Certain individuals are restricted from utilizing the property for personal use, as outlined by federal guidelines. Prohibited persons include the IRA owner and spouse, lineal descendants or their spouses, individuals providing services to the investment process, and investment advisors. Additionally, the IRA cannot purchase an investment property that is currently owned by the IRA-owner.
The tax-free nature of IRA-holdings bolsters the potential for growth. Choosing an investment property that will not require additional funds than what’s already in the IRA will help in avoiding complications down the road. If IRA funds are not sufficient to cover the entirety of the investment, it is possible to establish an LLC with other individuals contributing towards the purchase of the property. All contributors will appear on the Grant Deed as percentage owners, with respective ownership reflecting each individual contribution. Investment properties with long-term appreciation values often prove to be best for IRA-investing, and can serve as long-term, appreciating tax shelters.
In order to utilize IRA funds for investing, an IRS-regulated 3rd party (bank, credit union, trust) must have access to the IRA funds. The custodian is given the authority to set up and execute transactions using the funds. Finding a reputable company to work with is important, as they will help in understanding all the fees, restrictions and complexities of your investment plans. A good custodian should know the rules and regulations of IRA’s and investment properties, and will be able to keep you from IRS violations, inquiries and fees. A custodian or firm that is managing the purchase and oversight of the IRA transaction will often take very little off the top—1% annually or lower in some cases. As all things, you get what you pay for, and a higher cost custodial firm may provide connections in the industry, and offer an unprecedented bank of information and advice towards the profitability of your investment.
Always have an Exit Strategy in Mind
Just as is expected for traditional real estate investments, an exit strategy should always be in mind when purchasing property. Options are simple; purchase and flip, purchase and hold, or purchase and tenant. Using a reputable property developer will ensure no net loss on the transaction, and will greatly aid in choosing the most financially sensible exit strategy.
Managing a rental property purchased through an IRA
One of the most important points to remember when dealing with an IRA-funded investment property is that all maintenance items, renovation costs, and management fees are to be taken out of the IRA. Payments are most typically distributed as a check taken from the custodian, directly to the party owed. All taxes, insurance, and associated costs with the property are also taken from the IRA fund. The IRA-owner may do regular maintenance, as long as it does not increase the value of the property. Any type of self-funded service or work (not funded by the IRA) that increases the value of the property will raise red flags by the IRS, therefore should be avoided altogether.
Earn Passive, Tax-Sheltered Income!
Getting into an investment using IRA funds should always be meticulously planned to avoid breaking laws, as they are strict and specific. A qualified custodial firm to handle the legalities and specifics of the investment should be utilized to maximize returns and avoid unnecessary fees. Retirement investing is considered a long-term strategy to build wealth, and should be treated as such. It’s not a get rich quick scheme! Many investors who have taken advantage of the benefits of IRA-investing have made millions of dollars in perfectly legal, tax-free income. IRA-funded investments are a great way to protect and grow hard earned assets, and they become more and more popular among investors every day!
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